# Colors The **colors** library provides functions for color manipulation, color space conversion, and color palettes. ## Functions _input: string_ Convert a color string or named color into a canonical sRGB tuple. The output is a tuple of 3 or 4 numbers between 0 and 1, representing the red, green, blue, and optional alpha components. Supports various formats: - **Hex**: `#rgb`, `#rrggbb`, `#rrggbbaa` (e.g. `'#f00'`, `'#ff0000'`, `'#ff000080'`) - **RGB/RGBA**: `rgb(r, g, b)`, `rgba(r, g, b, a)` (e.g. `'rgb(255, 0, 0)'`, `'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)'`) - **HSL**: `hsl(h, s%, l%)`, `hsla(h, s%, l%, a)` (e.g. `'hsl(0, 100%, 50%)'`) - **OKLCH**: `oklch(l%, c, h)`, `oklch(l%, c, h / a)` (e.g. `'oklch(50% 0.3 240)'`) - **Named colors**: From the `NAMED_COLORS` palette (see below) ```json example ["Color", "'#f00'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 1, 0, 0] ["Color", "'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 1, 0, 0, 0.5] ["Color", "'red'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 0.843, 0.09, 0.043] ["Color", "'blue'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 0.051, 0.502, 0.949] ``` ### Named Colors The `Color` function supports a comprehensive palette of named colors from the `NAMED_COLORS` object: | Color Name | Swatch | Color Name | Swatch | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | `red` |
| `orange` |
| | `yellow` |
| `lime` |
| | `green` |
| `teal` |
| | `cyan` |
| `blue` |
| | `indigo` |
| `purple` |
| | `magenta` |
| `black` |
| | `white` |
| `dark-grey` |
| | `grey` |
| `light-grey` |
| | `brown` |
| `olive` |
| | `midnight` |
| `sky` |
| | `carbon` |
| `charcoal` |
| | `slate` |
| `graphite` |
| | `stone` |
| `ash` |
| | `mist` |
| `snow` |
| _name: string_ _name: string_, _n: number_ _name: string_, _t: number_ Sample colors from a named palette. - If only a name is provided, returns the full list of colors in the palette. - If an integer `n` ≥ 2 is provided, returns `n` evenly-spaced colors. - If a real number `t` between 0 and 1 is provided, returns the color at position `t`. ```json example ["Colormap", "'viridis'", 5] ``` ### Available Palettes #### Sequential These palettes are perceptually uniform and suitable for ordered data. Each sequential palette also has a `-reversed` variant (e.g., `viridis-reversed`). | Name | | | :--- | :--- | | `viridis` |
| | `inferno` |
| | `magma` |
| | `plasma` |
| | `turbo` |
| | `cividis` |
| | `rocket` |
| | `mako` |
| | `grey` |
| #### Diverging These palettes are symmetric around a neutral midpoint. Each diverging palette also has a `-reversed` variant (e.g., `roma-reversed`). | Name | | | :--- | :--- | | `roma` |
| | `rdbu` |
| | `coolwarm` |
| | `vik` |
| | `broc` |
| | `ocean-balance` |
| #### Categorical These palettes are designed for discrete, non-ordered categories. | Name | | | :--- | :--- | | `tycho11` |
{['#4e79a7', '#f28e2b', '#59a14f', '#e15759', '#b07aa1', '#9c755f', '#ff9da7', '#edc948', '#76b7b2', '#6b8fd6', '#c07bc4'].map(c =>
)}
Default categorical palette. Provides very good perceptual separation for up to 8 colors.
| | `tycho-dark11` |
{['#78a6d9', '#ffae54', '#7ddc7a', '#ff7a7a', '#d29be0', '#c49a84', '#ffb3bf', '#ffe066', '#7fd6d0', '#8fb4ff', '#e199eb'].map(c =>
)}
A variant of Tycho 11 optimized for dark backgrounds.
| | `tycho-robust11` |
{['#4e79a7', '#f28e2b', '#2ca58d', '#d13a3c', '#b07aa1', '#9c755f', '#ff9da7', '#e3c13b', '#5fb8b2', '#6b8fd6', '#c07bc4'].map(c =>
)}
Reinforced variant that improves separability under color vision deficiency and low-contrast environments.
| | `tycho-soft11` |
{['#8fb1d4', '#f6b878', '#8ecf86', '#f08a8b', '#d3a9cc', '#c3a492', '#ffc6cc', '#f3e08a', '#a8d8d4', '#a9c0ea', '#e0b4e4'].map(c =>
)}
Low-contrast palette with soft tones, ideal for filled areas and dashboards. Less suitable for thin lines.
| | `tycho-soft-dark11` |
{['#78a6d9', '#ffae54', '#7ddc7a', '#ff7a7a', '#d29be0', '#c49a84', '#ffb3bf', '#ffe066', '#7fd6d0', '#8fb4ff', '#e199eb'].map(c =>
)}
Soft-contrast palette optimized for charcoal backgrounds, suitable for both lines and filled surfaces.
| | `tycho-bold11` |
{['#2f6fb0', '#ff7a00', '#2fa23a', '#e02f2f', '#9b4db5', '#7f4f38', '#ff6f86', '#f2c200', '#2daaa3', '#4c79e0', '#b84ac6'].map(c =>
)}
High-contrast palette with strong separation, ideal for thin lines and dense line charts.
| | `tycho-bold-dark11` |
{['#4f93ff', '#ff8c1a', '#33c94a', '#ff4f4f', '#b86bff', '#a86a4a', '#ff7f9e', '#ffd400', '#2ec9c1', '#6f9bff', '#cc5bd9'].map(c =>
)}
Energetic, high-contrast palette for dark UI, providing strong structural consistency for thin strokes.
| | `tableau10` |
{['#1f77b4', '#ff7f0e', '#2ca02c', '#d62728', '#9467bd', '#8c564b', '#e377c2', '#7f7f7f', '#bcbd22', '#17becf'].map(c =>
)}
The classic Tableau 10 palette, also used as the default in Matplotlib.
| | `mathematica10` |
{['#5E81B5', '#E19C24', '#8FB131', '#EB6235', '#8778B3', '#C56E1A', '#5E9EC9', '#B23A3A', '#4C9F70', '#C979B7'].map(c =>
)}
Palette inspired by the default colors used in Wolfram Mathematica.
| | `cupertino10` |
{['#007AFF', '#FF9500', '#34C759', '#FF3B30', '#AF52DE', '#FF2D55', '#30B0C7', '#5856D6', '#A2845E', '#32ADE6', '#00C7BE'].map(c =>
)}
Apple system palette optimized for light appearance.
| | `cupertino-dark10` |
{['#0A84FF', '#FF9F0A', '#30D158', '#FF453A', '#BF5AF2', '#FF375F', '#40C8E0', '#5E5CE6', '#AC8E68', '#64D2FF', '#00D1C1'].map(c =>
)}
Apple system palette optimized for dark appearance.
| | `kelly22` |
{['#fdfdfd', '#1d1d1d', '#ebce2b', '#702c8c', '#db6917', '#96cde6', '#ba1c30', '#c0bd7f', '#7f7e80', '#5fa641', '#d485b2', '#4277b6', '#df8461', '#463397', '#e1a11a', '#91218c', '#e8e948', '#7e1510', '#92ae31', '#6f340d', '#d32b1e', '#2b3514'].map(c =>
)}
Set of 22 colors maximized for contrast, suitable for datasets with a large number of categories.
| | `spectrum12` |
{['#4148cc', '#db3c80', '#12b5b0', '#ff8c14', '#848aff', '#78e16e', '#1e78f0', '#ebcd00', '#beeb3c', '#7828d2', '#cd5f00', '#00915f'].map(c =>
)}
Balanced palette of 12 colors covering the full visible spectrum.
| _color_, _colorspace: string_ Convert a color to its components in a specified color space. Supported color spaces: `"rgb"`, `"hsl"`, `"oklch"`, `"oklab"`. ```json example ["ColorToColorspace", "'red'", "'hsl'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 0, 1, 0.5] ``` _components: tuple_, _colorspace: string_ Convert components from a specified color space back to a canonical sRGB tuple. ```json example ["ColorFromColorspace", ["Tuple", 0, 1, 0.5], "'hsl'"] // ➔ ["Tuple", 1, 0, 0] ```