Colors

The colors library provides functions for color manipulation, color space conversion, and color palettes.

Functions

Color(input: string)

Convert a color string or named color into a color value.

The output is an Oklch expression with 3 or 4 operands: the lightness L (0 to 1), the chroma C, the hue H in degrees, and an optional alpha (0 to 1). Use AsRgb to get its sRGB components.

The string is read as 8 bits for each channel, so an alpha of 0.5 is read as 128/255, about 0.502.

Supports various formats:

• Hex: #rgb, #rrggbb, #rrggbbaa (e.g. '#f00', '#ff0000', '#ff000080')
• RGB/RGBA: rgb(r, g, b), rgba(r, g, b, a) (e.g. 'rgb(255, 0, 0)', 'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)')
• HSL: hsl(h, s%, l%), hsla(h, s%, l%, a) (e.g. 'hsl(0, 100%, 50%)')
• OKLCH: oklch(l%, c, h), oklch(l%, c, h / a) (e.g. 'oklch(50% 0.3 240)')
• Named colors: From the NAMED_COLORS palette (see below)

["Color", "'#f00'"]
// ➔ ["Oklch", 0.628, 0.258, 29.234]

["Color", "'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)'"]
// ➔ ["Oklch", 0.628, 0.258, 29.234, 0.502]

["Color", "'red'"]
// ➔ ["Oklch", 0.559, 0.22, 29.619]

["AsRgb", ["Color", "'red'"]]
// ➔ ["Rgb", 0.843, 0.09, 0.043]

["Color", "'blue'"]
// ➔ ["Oklch", 0.607, 0.194, 254.822]

Named Colors

The Color function supports a comprehensive palette of named colors from the NAMED_COLORS object:

Color Name	Swatch	Color Name	Swatch
red		orange
yellow		lime
green		teal
cyan		blue
indigo		purple
magenta		black
white		dark-grey
grey		light-grey
brown		olive
midnight		sky
carbon		charcoal
slate		graphite
stone		ash
mist		snow

Colormap(name: string)

Colormap(name: string, n: number)

Colormap(name: string, t: number)

Sample colors from a named palette.

• If only a name is provided, returns the full list of colors in the palette.
• If an integer n ≥ 2 is provided, returns n evenly-spaced colors.
• If a real number t between 0 and 1 is provided, returns the color at position t.

["Colormap", "'viridis'", 5]

Available Palettes

Sequential

These palettes are perceptually uniform and suitable for ordered data.

Each sequential palette also has a -reversed variant (e.g., viridis-reversed).

Name
viridis
inferno
magma
plasma
turbo
cividis
rocket
mako
grey

Diverging

These palettes are symmetric around a neutral midpoint.

Each diverging palette also has a -reversed variant (e.g., roma-reversed).

Name
roma
rdbu
coolwarm
vik
broc
ocean-balance

Categorical

These palettes are designed for discrete, non-ordered categories.

Name
tycho11	Default categorical palette. Provides very good perceptual separation for up to 8 colors.
tycho-dark11	A variant of Tycho 11 optimized for dark backgrounds.
tycho-robust11	Reinforced variant that improves separability under color vision deficiency and low-contrast environments.
tycho-soft11	Low-contrast palette with soft tones, ideal for filled areas and dashboards. Less suitable for thin lines.
tycho-soft-dark11	Soft-contrast palette optimized for charcoal backgrounds, suitable for both lines and filled surfaces.
tycho-bold11	High-contrast palette with strong separation, ideal for thin lines and dense line charts.
tycho-bold-dark11	Energetic, high-contrast palette for dark UI, providing strong structural consistency for thin strokes.
tableau10	The classic Tableau 10 palette, also used as the default in Matplotlib.
mathematica10	Palette inspired by the default colors used in Wolfram Mathematica.
cupertino10	Apple system palette optimized for light appearance.
cupertino-dark10	Apple system palette optimized for dark appearance.
kelly22	Set of 22 colors maximized for contrast, suitable for datasets with a large number of categories.
spectrum12	Balanced palette of 12 colors covering the full visible spectrum.

ColorToColorspace(color, colorspace: string)

Convert a color to its components in a specified color space.

Supported color spaces: "rgb", "hsl", "oklch", "oklab".

An sRGB channel outside [0, 1] is extended sRGB: it describes a color outside the sRGB gamut (a Display-P3 display can show it), and it is kept by every conversion among rgb, oklab and oklch. HSV and HSL describe only the sRGB gamut, so their saturation, value and lightness are clamped to [0, 1] (an infinite value reads as its bound), and converting an extended sRGB color to HSV or HSL clips each channel. A NaN channel, an infinite hue, and an infinite sRGB, OKLab or OKLCh channel are an error.

["ColorToColorspace", "'#f00'", "'hsl'"]
// ➔ ["Tuple", 0, 1, 0.5]

ColorFromColorspace(components: tuple, colorspace: string)

Convert components in a specified color space to a color value. The result is the color expression of that space: Rgb, Hsl, Oklch or Oklab.

["ColorFromColorspace", ["Tuple", 0, 1, 0.5], "'hsl'"]
// ➔ ["Hsl", 0, 1, 0.5]

["AsRgb", ["ColorFromColorspace", ["Tuple", 0, 1, 0.5], "'hsl'"]]
// ➔ ["Rgb", 1, 0, 0]